NOTES WHEN BUILDING BRICK WALLS FOR RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS

1. How to choose bricks for house walls

Currently, there are many types of wall bricks, but the most popular are probably bricks made from fired clay such as bricks with holes, solid bricks without holes, hollow bricks, etc. However, in recent years, unfired bricks have become a "hot hit" type of brick used for many construction projects. Typically, dams, fences, infrastructure projects, bridges, roads, etc. Similar to fired clay bricks, unfired bricks also have many types including slag bricks, autoclaved lightweight bricks and concrete bricks. Each type of brick will also be selected based on the needs and purposes of the project.

​If you observe, you will see that for fired clay bricks, different batches of bricks will have different colors. So is red, orange or dark red the best brick color? In fact, orange-red is the brick color that shows the most accurate firing, while red bricks show that the bricks are overfired, pale orange bricks show that the bricks are not ripe enough...

In addition, when choosing bricks, you should also test its firmness, newness or oldness by breaking a brick. If the brick when broken makes a deep, warm sound, clay powder leaks to the ground, and the edges are crumbly, then discard it immediately because it is a poor quality brick. On the contrary, you should choose brick models that have a clear, resonant sound, sharp edges after breaking, and little clay powder falls to the ground... This is a solid, good quality brick that helps your construction become more solid and sturdy.

​Do not build with broken, chipped or chipped bricks. When choosing to buy bricks, we should check the quality of the bricks and buy from reputable units to ensure the longevity of the brick wall.

Bricks are watered sufficiently before construction. If the bricks are dry, water must be added to ensure that the bricks do not absorb the water of the mortar to create good bonding when building.

2. Notes on how to mix mortar for brick walls and characteristics of mortar joints

Note on mixing mortar:

• Mix sand and cement in the selected ratio until homogeneous. Then slowly add clean water and mix well until the mortar mixture has a moderate viscosity (feel by experience).
• If the mortar is too dry, it will be difficult to construct, the bricks cannot be adjusted, and will harden quickly; if it is necessary to adjust or reset the bricks, the mortar will lose its adhesion.
• If it is too soft, the bricks will sag; will not hold the required position, and will be difficult to get straight and flat. Mortar that is too wet when hardened will not achieve the best strength.
• The time allowed to use the mortar after mixing is no more than 1 hour.

Notes on mortar joints when building walls:

• Horizontal mortar joint width: 15 – 20mm.
• Mortar joint width ranges from 8 – 12mm; horizontal mortar joints must be thicker than vertical mortar joints, ensuring that the joints are full of mortar. Adjust the mortar on the low mortar side if the wall is not flat.
• Horizontal and vertical mortar joints in a masonry layer must be perpendicular to each other, it is not allowed to build broken trapezoidal or triangular bricks at the corners of the masonry block.

3. How to build brick walls in a house

Bricks built in each row must be flat, perpendicular to the direction of the force applied to the masonry or the angle of the force applied to the masonry and the direction perpendicular to the masonry must be <= 170 because the masonry is mainly subjected to compression.

The construction must not overlap the joints, so the vertical mortar joints of the adjacent masonry layers must not overlap but must be offset by at least ¼ of the length of the brick both horizontally and vertically.

Build from bottom to top, the main wall must be built first, the secondary wall built later, the surrounding wall built first, the inside wall built later.

If the bricks are dry, water must be poured to ensure that the bricks do not absorb the water of the mortar to create a good bond when building.

The surface of the masonry must be plastered with a layer of oil mortar to create a bond between the bricks and the adjacent surface such as beams and columns.

To ensure that the wall is straight and flat, during the construction process, a string must be stretched and a plumb bob must be dropped regularly. When building a brick wall, the principle of "the top feeds the string; “under the edge” “over the edge” means that the top edge of the brick must follow the tension wire closely; the position of the tension wire is usually a little higher than the edge of the brick so that the wire can vibrate horizontally; when it sags, it is easy to detect.

“Under the edge” means that the bottom edge of the brick must be in line with the top edge of the brick in the lower layer.

​For a 20-meter wall, you build 5 vertical rows and 1 horizontal row.

Roll the baseboard tiles to ensure waterproofing and stability due to moisture exposure.

Pay attention to the joints between the wall and the beam; the column must be treated with a layer of mortar to avoid cracking at the joints between the wall and the beam and column.

When building, pay attention to leaving holes in the wall to install doors, air vents, electrical lines, water pipes, etc. later.

After the masonry is completed, limit the impact force so that the masonry gradually gains strength.

If you continue to build on an old wall, you need to clean and water the old wall before continuing.

When building, you must know how to choose the right brick and the right position. When holding a brick in your hand, you need to rotate the brick to see which side is balanced; if it is square, place it on the outside. Experienced bricklayers; usually each time they pick up a brick, they quickly pay attention to the next two bricks; pre-determine which brick will be placed in which position. Therefore, they pick up bricks very precisely, building the wall very evenly and beautifully.

When building a brick, it must be placed very flat, spread mortar evenly; one side should not be thick, one side is thin, causing the brick to tilt. If such a habit is formed, the wall surface will be humped or sunken after construction; there are cases where the wall is vertical but the wall surface is rough. When finishing building a brick, you must look to see if it is flat; if the brick surface is straight along the line; if it is higher, lower or protruding; if it is too recessed, it must be adjusted immediately.

4. Wall block characteristics

To ensure the concrete structure connection: before construction, drill two holes 7cm deep into the concrete; insert 2 bars 6 or 8 20-25cm long as whiskers for the wall.

The distance with steel whiskers is 3.4m/3 = 1.1m (5 rows of bricks).

Bricks are built horizontally and will not be built with a height difference of more than 1.5m.

The allowable slope for walls built in one floor is guaranteed according to the regulations.

The masonry must be solid and solid:

That is, it must be ensured that after construction is completed, all masonry parts must become a complete block; in which the bricks must be tightly attached to each other; there must be no gaps or can be detached. To do this, the mortar must be mixed evenly and sticky; in the right dosage, and used in the right place, according to the rules. The mortar joints must be full and have the right thickness; because mortar is much less compressible than bricks; If the mortar is too thick, it will reduce the compressive strength of the masonry; if it is too thin, it will not be strong enough to hold the bricks together.

During construction, do not insert too many broken bricks or crushed bricks; especially in parts that bear a lot of compressive strength (except in cases where it is really necessary); because inserting too much will require more mortar, the masonry will be weaker. At the same time, the bricks need to be soaked in water, washed clean of dust, soil, and sand before construction; to ensure that they can adhere tightly to the mortar and bond firmly together.

Although the method of building a brick wall is not a difficult problem; when constructing a brick wall, there are always notes when building a brick wall; and principles regarding the quality of the bricks; as well as the correct construction techniques to ensure the quality; and the aesthetics of the brick wall, ensuring sustainability.

5. Introducing a reputable design & construction consulting service provider

The importance of construction units is undeniable, their reputation will ensure the quality and aesthetics of your project. Currently, there are many units providing construction design services to meet the increasing construction needs in our country. Therefore, finding a reputable unit is not easy and requires you to spend time researching. In the selection process, you need to research carefully and ensure that the accompanying unit must have high expertise, many years of experience, have a clearly signed contract, transparent costs, ... To help customers save time searching, Công ty TNHH Đầu tư Xây dựng Hưng Nghiệp Phú is confident that it will be the best choice for you.

Hung Nghiep Phu Construction Investment Co., Ltd. with the mission of providing the best solutions and services, building a prosperous community with customers, Hung Nghiep Phu is gradually affirming its brand through sincere cooperation, with a leadership team with ethical capacity, creativity, high expertise and strategic vision. Hung Nghiep Phu owns a team of skilled, highly qualified employees who will bring customers the best quality technology.

Hung Nghiep Phu Construction Investment Co., Ltd. - specializes in constructing civil and industrial works. We look forward to accompanying customers in construction projects as well as continuous procedures such as planning diagrams, applying for construction permits, completing procedures, applying for fire prevention and fighting certificates,... If you have any questions or are in need of design, completing procedures, please contact us immediately for free consultation!

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