9 LIGHTING STANDARDS IN FACTORY CONSTRUCTION

1. Essential lighting standards for factories

Proper lighting plays an important role in ensuring a safe, efficient and visually comfortable working environment in factories. Here are 9 essential lighting standards to consider when designing or evaluating your factory lighting system:

1.1. Customizable according to factory size

Factory size affects the arrangement of lighting equipment and the required lighting level.

• Small factory: More lighting equipment may be needed to ensure uniform lighting.
• Large factories: Stronger lighting devices can be used to cover a larger area.

1.2. Work accuracy requirements

High-precision tasks, such as quality inspection or small parts assembly, may require higher lighting levels and minimized glare.

High-risk areas, such as those where chemicals or dangerous machinery are used, may require specialized lighting to ensure safety.

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1.3. Illumination level

• Task-specific lighting: Provides adequate lighting for specific tasks, such as assembly lines, inspection areas, and high-precision jobs, with recommended light levels ranging from 20 to 50 foot-candles (215-538 lux) or higher.
• General lighting: Maintain comfortable ambient light levels of 10 to 20 foot-candles (107-215 lux) in common areas such as walkways, lobbies, and dining areas.
• Emergency lighting: Install an emergency lighting system that provides a minimum of 1 foot-candle (10.7 lux) for at least 90 minutes during a power outage to ensure safe evacuation.

1.4. Levelness

Achieve uniform light distribution across the entire workspace to minimize harsh shadows, highlights and glare that cause eye strain and fatigue. The minimum uniformity ratio target is 0.8, meaning the minimum illuminance must be at least 80% of the average illuminance.

1.5. Color Rendering Index (CRI)

Use lighting fixtures with high CRI (best above 80) to ensure accurate color perception and discrimination, important for tasks such as quality control, product inspection and manipulation color matters.

1.6. Color temperature

Choose the right color temperature for the task and atmosphere.

• Cool color temperature (3500K-5000K): Promotes alertness and focus for tasks that require high concentration, such as detail work and tasks requiring precision.
• Warm color temperature (2700K-3500K): Creates a more relaxing and welcoming environment for common areas, break rooms, and offices.

1.7. Control glare

Limit glare from direct light sources and reflective surfaces to prevent discomfort, eye strain and potential safety hazards. Apply techniques such as:

• Diffusers and screens: Use diffusers to soften glare and screens to shield direct light sources.
• Appropriate fixed installation location: Strategically position lighting devices to avoid direct glare into workers' eyes.
• Workstation partitions: Consider using partitions or screens to block direct glare from adjacent workstations.

1.8. Flicker control

Avoid using flashing lights which can cause headaches, eye strain and fatigue. Choose high quality LED lights with stable output and the ability to adjust brightness if necessary.

1.9. Optimize energy

Prioritize the use of energy-saving LED lighting devices. They provide superior light quality, longer life and lower energy consumption than traditional options such as fluorescent or incandescent lamps.

2. Subjects applying lighting standards in factory construction

Note:

• The above average illuminance Etb (lx) values ​​are for reference only and can be adjusted to suit the specific requirements of each factory and production stage.
• In addition to illuminance, attention should be paid to other factors such as: Color rendering index (Ra), luminance, light uniformity, etc. to ensure the best lighting quality for the factory.

3. Use energy-saving lighting systems in factory construction

Using energy-saving lighting systems in factory construction brings many benefits to businesses, including:

• Reduce electricity costs: Lighting is one of the largest power consumption items in the factory. Using energy-saving lighting systems can help businesses reduce up to 70% of electricity costs for lighting purposes, contributing to saving operating costs and improving profits. 
• Improve production efficiency: A good lighting system helps ensure safe and effective working conditions for workers, thereby contributing to improving labor productivity and product quality.
• Environmental protection: Using energy-saving lighting systems helps reduce CO2 emissions into the environment, contributing to environmental protection and combating climate change.

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 3.1. Use solar lighting systems in factory construction

Advantage:

• Completely free of electricity: The wind energy lighting system uses renewable energy sources, does not require electricity costs for lighting, helping businesses save on operating costs.
• Contribute to environmental protection: Wind energy is a clean energy source, does not pollute the environment, contributes to reducing CO2 emissions and combating climate change.
• Low maintenance costs: Wind energy lighting systems have a simple structure, few failures, and low maintenance costs.
• Long lifespan: Wind turbines have a long lifespan, up to 20 years.

Defect:

• High initial investment costs: Investment costs for wind energy lighting systems are higher than traditional lighting systems.
• Effective use depends on wind conditions: Effective use of the system depends on wind speed, so wind turbines need to be installed in areas with abundant wind sources.
• There needs to be enough area to install a wind turbine: Wind turbines need to have a large enough area to operate effectively.
• Noise: Wind turbines can create noise during operation, so wind turbines should be installed in areas away from residential areas.

3.2. Using wind energy lighting system in factory construction

Outstanding advantages:

• Cost savings: The system uses free renewable energy sources, helping businesses reduce electricity costs for lighting, especially in the context of increasing electricity prices. 
• Environmental protection: Wind energy is a clean energy source, does not pollute the environment, contributes to reducing CO2 emissions and combating climate change.
• Long lifespan: Wind turbines have an average lifespan of 20 to 25 years, providing long-term investment efficiency.
• Less maintenance: The system has a simple structure, few failures, and low maintenance costs.

However, some limitations also need to be considered:

• High initial investment costs: Compared to traditional lighting systems, investment costs for wind energy lighting systems are significantly higher. 
• Performance depends on wind conditions: System performance depends on wind speed. Therefore, it is necessary to install wind turbines in areas with abundant wind resources.
• Noise: Wind turbines can create noise during operation, so they should be installed in an area away from residential areas.
• Installation area: Wind turbine installation requires a spacious area.

3.3. Use reflective materials when building factories

- Install reflective materials on walls and ceilings: Helps enhance light reflection, thereby reducing the need to use artificial lights.

- Use reflective paint: This type of paint has the ability to reflect light better than regular paint, helping to save energy for lighting.

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3.4. Use intelligent control system

Optimize lighting efficiency:

- Adjust appropriate brightness: The system automatically adjusts lamp brightness based on usage needs and surrounding environmental conditions, ensuring to provide enough light for workers to work effectively without causing waste. energy.

- Light on/off timer: The system automatically turns the lights on/off according to the work schedule, ensuring the lights only operate when needed, avoiding wasting electricity.

- Take advantage of natural light: The light sensor system automatically adjusts the brightness of artificial lights when there is enough natural light, helping to save energy.

Popular smart control solutions: 

- Time-based control system: Schedule lights to turn on/off automatically according to work schedule.

- Light sensor: Automatically adjusts lamp brightness according to natural light levels.

- Motion sensor: Turns on the light when someone moves, turns off the light when there is no one.

- Remote control system: Adjust brightness, color and turn on/off lights by smartphone or remote.

3.5. Take advantage of natural light

- Factory design with many windows: Helps natural light penetrate inside, reducing the need to use artificial lights.

- Use construction materials and roofing materials to let in light: Choose materials with good light-gathering ability such as glass or polycarbonate.

- Clean windows and light bulbs periodically: Ensure natural light can pass through optimally.

3.6. Apply other energy saving measures

- Turn off lights when not in use: Encourage employees to turn off lights when leaving the work area.

- Use a socket with a timer function: Automatically turn off the light after a certain period of time.

- Periodically maintain the lighting system: Clean light bulbs, check the electrical system to ensure lighting efficiency.

4. Choose a suitable and standard LED light for the factory

To ensure lighting efficiency and safety for the factory, choosing the right LED lights is extremely important. Below are some criteria to keep in mind when choosing LED lights for industrial factories:

4.1. Light quality

- Luminous efficiency: You should choose lamps with high luminous efficiency (120 - 180 lm/w) to save energy and provide good lighting efficiency.

- Low lumen decline rate: Priority is given to lamps with low lumen decline after a period of use, ensuring long-term maintenance of light quality.

- Ability to save electricity: LED lights consume less power than traditional lights, helping businesses save operating costs.

- Illumination level: Choose the appropriate illuminance level to suit your needs, ensuring enough light for workers to work and eye safety.

4.2. Longevity

- Long lifespan (average 50,000 - 60,000 hours) helps reduce replacement and maintenance costs.

- Compared to conventional lights, LED lights have a longer lifespan, saving long-term operating costs.

4.3. Quality certification

- Choose lights with ISO certification according to TCVN: 7722-1:2009/IEC60598-1:2008 to ensure quality and safety.

- CE certification: Ensures the lamp meets European standards for quality and safety.

- RoHS certification: Ensures the lamp does not contain toxic substances and is environmentally friendly.

4.4. Choose the appropriate installation method

- Install the lights according to the manufacturer's instructions to ensure lighting efficiency and safety.

- Determine the number of lights needed based on the factory area and lighting needs.

- Choose a way to hang the lamp that suits the space and usage needs.

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4.5. Some notes when choosing LED lights when building a factory

- Factory area: If the factory has a large area, you should choose high-power LED Highbay lights or LED Floodlight lights.

- Ceiling height: If the factory has high ceilings, you should choose LED Highbay lights with high illumination.

- Lighting needs: If you need lighting for detailed work areas, you should choose LED Panel lights or T-tube LED lights. If you need to illuminate large areas, you should choose LED Highbay lights or LED Floodlights.

- Budget: You should consider your budget when choosing LED lights. LED Highbay lights and LED Floodlight lights often have a higher price than other types of LED lights.

5. Maintain lighting systems in factory construction

To ensure that the lighting system in factory construction operates effectively and durably, the following regular maintenance measures need to be performed:

5.1. Toilet

Clean the lamp and optics periodically to remove dust, insects, and other contaminants that can affect lighting performance. It is recommended to clean the lamp during the day when it is turned off and completely cooled. At the same time, use appropriate cleaning tools to avoid damaging the lamp and other parts.

5.2. Check

- Periodically check the operating status of the lamp, including bulbs, ballasts, capacitors and other components. Replace parts that are damaged or show signs of aging.

- Check the electrical wiring to ensure there are no signs of damage or fire.

5.3. Maintenance

- Lubricate the moving parts of the lamp, such as hinges and joints, if any.

- Check and adjust the spring wire tension in the spring lights. Perform preventive maintenance measures as recommended by the manufacturer.

5.4. Use industrial-grade lighting equipment

Use industrial-grade lighting fixtures designed to endure harsh factory environments, such as dust, humidity, vibrations and high temperatures.

Industrial-grade lighting fixtures typically have rugged, waterproof, and dustproof housings that protect internal components from the elements.

You should choose lighting devices with LED light sources to save energy and have a long life. 

Designing a lighting system for a factory needs to ensure factors such as intended use, illuminance, lamp type, installation location, control system, light color, color rendering index, dust protection, Waterproof and energy saving. Hopefully the above article can help you consider choosing the right lighting solution when building a factory, ensuring production efficiency, labor safety and energy saving.

If customers are looking for information about standard lighting installation or comprehensive solutions in civil or industrial construction, please contact Hung Nghiep Phu for advice today.

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